Table 8 PCR protocols used to screen blood samples from domestic dogs in Chad, Africa

Babesia spp. and

Hepatozoon spp.

18 S rRNA (500 for Babesia, 600 for Hepatozoon)

Primary: 5.1 / B

CCTGGTTGATCCTGCCAGTAGT

TGATCCTTCTGCAGGTTCACCTAC

[47, 48]

Secondary: Babesia F / Babesia R

GTGAAACTGCGAATGGCTCA

CCATGCTGAAGTATTCAAGAC

Internal Transcribed Spacer rRNA (ITS) (300 for Babesia, < 200 for Hepatozoon)

Primary: 15 C / 13B

CGATCGAGTGATCCGGTGAATTA

GCTGCGTCCTTCATCGTTGTG

[50]

Secondary: 15D / 13 C

AAGGAAGGAGAAGTCGTAACAAGG

TTGTGTGAGCCAAGACATCCA

[51]

Ehrlichia canis

16 S rRNA (389)

Primary: ECC / ECB

AGAACGAACGCTGGCGGCAAGCC CGTATTACCGCGGCTGCTGGCA

[52]

Secondary: ECA / HE3

CAATTATTTATAGCCTCTGGCTATAGG

TATAGGTACCGTCATTATCTTCCCTAT

[52, 53]

Anaplasma platys

16 S rRNA (400)

Primary: ECC / ECB

AGAACGAACGCTGGCGGCAAGCC

CGTATTACCGCGGCTGCTGGCA

[52]

Secondary: PLA2 / GA1UR

TTTGTCGTAGCTTGCTATG-

GAGTTTGCCGGGACTTCTTCT

[54, 55]