Dietary rosemary oil with/without zymogen forte improves water quality, growth hormones, immune-physiological response, stress resilience, and health status of Chelon ramada grown in groundwater

Table 1 Feed formulation and chemical analysis of the basal diets containing different levels of rosemary oil and/or Zymogen Forte used to feed Chelon ramada for a 75-day rearing trial in brackish groundwater

¹ Treatments: (T1) basal diet without rosemary oil or Zymogen Forte; (T2) basal diet with 0.5 g/kg feed rosemary oil; (T3) basal diet with 0.5 g/kg feed rosemary oil and 1 g/kg Zymogen Forte; (T4) basal diet with 1.0 g/kg feed rosemary oil; and (T5) basal diet with 1.0 g/kg feed rosemary oil and 1 g/kg Zymogen Forte
² Vitamin and mineral premix: Premix: vitamin A (3300 IU), vitamin D3 (410 IU), vitamin B1 (133 mg), vitamin E(150 mg), vitamin B2 (580 mg), vitamin B6 (410 mg), vitamin B12 (50 mg), biotin (9330 mg), choline chloride (4000 mg), vitamin C (2660 mg), inositol (330 mg), para-amino benzoic acid (9330 mg), niacin (26.60 mg), pantothenic acid (2000 mg), manganese (325 mg), iron (200 mg), copper (25 mg), iodine, cobalt (5 mg)
³ Rosemary oil was purchased from AREEJ, Co. Cairo Egypt
⁴ Zymogen Forte 20 TAB (Digestive enzymes combination with Antiflatulent agent. Composition: Each tablet contains: Amylase 5000 (NF units) + Protease 5000 (NF units) + Lipase 800 (NF units) + Ox-bile extract 20 mg + Hemicellulase (5000 I.U./gm) 40 mg + Pepsin (1:10.000 I.U.) 100 mg + Dimethyl polysiloxane (= Dimeticone) 20 mg + Vitamin B1 25 mg.) Produced by ELNile For Pharmaceuticals and Chemical Industries, http://nilepharma.com.eg/en/home-ar/, Price: 26 EGP/20 tablets = 0.84 US$
Nitrogen free extract (NFE, %) = 100 - (crude protein + crude lipids + fibers + ash)
⁵ Gross energy was calculated based on protein, lipid, and carbohydrate values as 23.6, 39.5, and 17.2 KJ/g, respectively

ISSN: 1746-6148