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Table 1 Histopathological grades of the brain (cerebrum) and lumbar spinal cord in suckling mice inoculated with DMEM, wild type, and rescued AKAVs (± , minimal; + , mild; -, without histopathological alterations)

From: Investigating the reassortment potential and pathogenicity of the S segment in Akabane virus using a reverse genetics system

Group

  

DMEM

wtK0505

wtAKAV-7

rAKAV-7 (S-K0505)

rAKAV-7ΔNSs

Number of animals

Lesions

Grade

5

5

5

5

5

Brain

Gliosis

 ± 

0

0

1a

1f

2 k, l

 + 

0

0

0

0

0

Neutrophil inflammation, in perivacular and neuronal area

 ± 

0

0

1b

2 g, h

2 k, l

 + 

0

0

0

1i

0

Necrosis, neuronal

 ± 

0

0

1a

0

0

none

-

5

5

2d, e

1j

3 m, n, o

Spinal Cord

Gliosis

 ± 

0

0

0

1 g

1 l

 + 

0

0

1a

0

1 m

Neutrophil inflammation, in perivacular and neuronal area

 ± 

0

0

0

1j

2 l, m

 + 

0

0

1c

0

0

Necrosis, neuronal

 ± 

0

0

1c

0

0

none

-

5

5

2d, e

3i, f, h

3 k, n, o

  1. The numbers indicate the count of animals showing histopathological findings out of the total animals in each group (n = 5). Superscript letters represent individual mice, where the same letter corresponds to the same mouse across different lesions or grades. Mice were euthanized or succumbed on the following days post-infection (dpi): k = 5 dpi; b, c, h = 7 dpi; i, d, e = 8 dpi; j = 9 dpi; g, m = 10 dpi; l = 11 dpi; a = 12 dpi; f, n, o = 14 dpi