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Table 5 Overview of selected associations between sleep macrostructure and patterns of sleep and physiological and psychological states

From: Non-invasive canine electroencephalography (EEG): a systematic review

Sleep feature

Associated physiological or psychology state/trait

Studies

Duration in NREM and REM

Pre-sleep intensive activity, time and location of sleep, owner-rated hyperactivity

[31, 45]

Alpha frequency power

Age, cooperation, attachment

[50, 54]

Beta and delta frequency power

Age, learning rate, cooperation

[40, 50]

Gamma frequency power

Age

[51]

Frequency, density, and amplitude of spindles

Age, sex, learning gain, owner-rated hyperactivity

[44, 46, 47, 49]