Fig. 3

Validation of the antiviral activity of CaIFNα expressed by P. pastoris by cytopathic inhibition assay. VSV and CIV were used to infect CaIFNα-stimulated and unstimulated MDCK cells, and changes in the cell state were observed under a microscope. All MDCK cells were inoculated with VSV or CIV at 0.1 multiplicity of infection (MOI). (A) MDCK cells in the control group were not infected with VSV and not treated with CaIFNα. (B) MDCK cells in the experimental group were infected with VSV for 24 h after incubation with CaIFNα for 24 h. (C) MDCK cells were infected only with VSV without the CPE of CaIFNα stimulation. (D) MDCK cells in the control group were not infected with CIV or treated with CaIFNα. (E) MDCK cells in the experimental group were incubated with CaIFNα for 24 h and then infected with CIV for 24 h. (F) CPE of MDCK cells infected with CIV only but not stimulated with CaIFNα