Sodium butyrate alleviates high ambient temperature-induced oxidative stress, intestinal structural disruption, and barrier integrity for growth and production in growing layer chickens

Table 4 Effects of ambient temperature and different levels of sodium butyrate (SB) on relative immune organ weight during the growing stage of laying chickens

Parameters	Spleen (g/kg BW)	Bursa (g/kg BW)	Thymus (g/kg BW)	Liver (g/kg BW)	Heart (g/kg BW)	Intestine (g/kg BW)	Ovary (g/kg BW)
Ambient temperature (T)
L, 25 °C	1.61	3.11	3.42^a	18.31^a	5.02^a	38.26	0.39
H, 35 °C	1.57	2.74	2.71^b	16.67^b	4.41^b	36.35	0.37
Sodium Butyrate (SB)
SB1, 0 g/kg diet	1.50^b	2.89	2.83	17.20	4.43	36.93	0.37
SB2, 0.5 g/kg diet	1.79^a	3.03	3.35	18.23	4.94	38.38	0.40
SB3, 1 g/kg diet	1.49^b	2.86	3.01	17.04	4.78	36.61	0.38
Interaction T × SB
LSB1	1.58	3.14	3.42	18.58	4.92	38.63	0.38
LSB2	1.74	3.17	3.66	19.20	5.16	39.14	0.42
LSB3	1.52	3.01	3.18	17.14	4.98	37.20	0.38
HSB1	1.41	2.63	2.25	15.81	3.95	35.22	0.36
HSB2	1.84	2.90	3.04	17.26	4.72	37.61	0.38
HSB3	1.46	2.71	2.84	16.95	4.58	36.20	0.37
SEM	0.12	0.27	0.29	0.80	0.30	1.62	0.03
Two ways probabilities*
T	0.675	0.114	0.004	0.017	0.019	0.152	0.396
SB	0.025	0.794	0.204	0.288	0.249	0.512	0.593
T × SB	0.553	0.893	0.363	0.275	0.580	0.711	0.891

L, Low ambient temperature, H High ambient temperature, BW Body weight, SEM standard error of the mean. LSB1: group fed without sodium butyrate (SB) supplement at low temperature, LSB2: group fed 0.5 SB g/kg diet at low temperature, LSB3: group fed 1.0 SB g/kg diet at low temperature, HSB1: group fed without SB supplement at high temperature, HSB2: group fed 0.5 SB g/kg diet at high temperature, HSB3: group fed 1.0 SB g/kg diet at high temperature
^a;bValues in the same column with different letter superscripts mean significant differences (P < 0.05). Data represent treatment mean ± SEM from n = 9 chicks analyzed per treatment
^*Overall treatment P-value

ISSN: 1746-6148