Sodium butyrate alleviates high ambient temperature-induced oxidative stress, intestinal structural disruption, and barrier integrity for growth and production in growing layer chickens

Table 6 Effects of ambient temperature and different sodium butyrate (SB) levels on intestinal morphology during the growing stage of laying chickens

Parameters	VH (µm)	CD (µm)	VH/CD (µm/µm)
Ambient temperature (T)
L, 25 °C	846.18^a	113.73	7.50^a
H, 35 °C	771.18^b	114.74	6.79^b
Sodium Butyrate (SB)
SB1, 0 g/kg diet	815.11^a	117.67	7.01^a
SB2, 0.5 g/kg diet	850.44^a	111.86	7.65^a
SB3, 1 g/kg diet	760.50^b	113.17	6.78^b
Interaction T × SB
LSB1	955.44^a	113.01^ab	8.49^a
LSB2	826.11^ab	110.20^b	7.51^b
LSB3	757.00^b	117.98^a	6.50^bc
HSB1	674.77^b	122.33^a	5.54^c
HSB2	874.77^ab	113.52^ab	7.78^b
HSB3	764.00^b	108.38^b	7.05^b
SEM	23.26	3.36	0.28
Two ways probabilities*
T	< 0.001	0.716	0.003
SB	< 0.001	0.205	0.009
T × SB	< 0.001	0.022	< 0.001

L Low ambient temperature, H High ambient temperature, SEM standard error of the mean. LSB1: group fed without sodium butyrate (SB) supplement at low temperature, LSB2: group fed 0.5 SB g/kg diet at low temperature, LSB3: group fed 1.0 SB g/kg diet at low temperature, HSB1: group fed without SB supplement at high temperature, HSB2: group fed 0.5 SB g/kg diet at high temperature, HSB3: group fed 1.0 SB g/kg diet at high temperature
^a;bValues in the same column with different letter superscripts mean significant differences (P < 0.05). Data represent treatment mean ± SEM from n = 9 chicks analyzed per treatment
^*Overall treatment P-value

ISSN: 1746-6148