Table 1 Descriptions of behavioral patterns of ducks

Feeding

The bird inserts its bill into the feeder to consume feed [42].

Drinking

The bird inserts its bill into the drinker to consume water [42].

Standing

The legs are in contact with the floor without any activity [11].

Sitting

Ducks lie on the ground with open or closed eyes [11]

Walking

The bird moves from one point to another without contributing to other activities [43].

Litter scratching

The bird scratches the floor by its leg [11].

Object pecking

Ducks peck the ground or other parts of the pen by their beak [43].

Head shaking

Complete lateral movement of the head [43].

Preening

The bird cleans its plumage using the beak [43].

Wing and leg stretching

The bird stretches the wing and the leg of the same side [43].

Tail wagging

The tail moves from side to side [43].

Feather pecking

The bird pecks, pulls or sometimes eats the feather of other individual [42].