Descriptive histological analysis of the upper, lower, and third eyelids and the conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in birds of prey

Klećkowska-Nawrot, Joanna E.; Kroczak-Zdańkowska, Aleksandra; Urantówka, Adam D.; Barszcz, Karolina; Goździewska-Harłajczuk, Karolina

doi:10.1186/s12917-025-04677-0

Table 3 Characteristic features of the structure of third eyelids in the examined birds. (+) – presence, (-) – absence

From: Descriptive histological analysis of the upper, lower, and third eyelids and the conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in birds of prey

Order	Species	Marginal plait and leading edge	Melanocytes in the marginal plait of stroma	Melanocytes in the marginal plait epithelium	Layers of the nucleated cells in the marginal plait and leading edge	Layers of the nucleated cells on the palpebral surface	Layers of the nucleated cells on the bulbar surface	Stroma of the third eyelid						Numbers of the palpebral folds	Numbers of the conjunctival folds
Order	Species	Marginal plait and leading edge	Melanocytes in the marginal plait of stroma	Melanocytes in the marginal plait epithelium		Layers of the nucleated cells on the palpebral surface	Layers of the nucleated cells on the bulbar surface	collagen fibres	elastic fibres	reticular fibres	fibrocytes	blood vessels	melanocytes	Numbers of the palpebral folds	Numbers of the conjunctival folds
Accipitriformes	Accipiter gentilis	thick	+	-	5–6	5–6	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	6–9	29–31
Accipitriformes	Accipiter nisus	thick	+	+	5–6	3–4	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	9–10	29–30
Accipitriformes	Aquila nipalensis	thick	+	+	12–17	3–6	10–13	+	+	+	+	+	+	9–11	41–45
Accipitriformes	Buteo buteo	thick	+	+	5–6	4–5	2–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	16–17	41–43
Accipitriformes	Circus cyaneus	thick	+	+	5–7	2–3	2–3	+	+	+	+	+	+	15–16	41–43
Accipitriformes	Haliaeetus albicilla	thick	+	-	7–8	6–10	11–13	+	+	+	+	+	+	24–29	29–30
Accipitriformes	Pernis apivorus	thick	+	+	5–7	3–6	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	29–30	32–33
Falconiformes	Falco peregrinus	thin	+	+	3–5	3–5	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	-	21–23	31–33
Falconiformes	Falco tinnunculus	thin	+	-	3–5	3–6	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	10–14	23–28
Strigiformes	Aegolius funereus	very thick	+	+	7–8	5–6	10–13	+	+	+	+	+	-	10–13	29–31
Strigiformes	Athene noctua	very thick	+	+	9–12	8–10	2–4	+	+	+	+	+	-	24–25	30–31
Strigiformes	Bubo bubo	very thick	+	+	5–6	4–5	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	-	10–23	29–30
Strigiformes	Bubo scandiacus	very thick	-	-	6–9	2–3	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	-	32–34	65–70
Strigiformes	Otus megalotis	very thick	+	+	3–9	2–3	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	-	11–12	30–31
Strigiformes	Strix aluco	very thick	+	+	8–10	8–11	4–5	+	+	+	+	+	-	22–24	31–32
Strigiformes	Strix uralensis	very thick	+	+	3–8	2–6	3–5	+	+	+	+	+	-	14–16	20–21
Strigiformes	Surnia ulula	very thick	+	+	5–6	4–5	2–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	17–25	31–40
Strigiformes	Tyto alba	very thick	+	+	8–9	7–8	3–4	+	+	+	+	+	+	16–17	42–64

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ISSN: 1746-6148

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