Encapsulated phytogenic oils enhance in vitro rumen fermentation and reduce methane emissions

BMC Veterinary Research

Table 5 Effect of microencapsulated black soldier fly-based protein extract (BSF) mixed with garlic oil extract (GOE) and nanoemulsified riceberry rice bran oil (nRBRBOE) ratio supplementation on rumen microbial population

Species	Times	mBSF-GOE to nRBRBOE ratios, (mg)					SEM	Orthogonal polynomials¹
Species	Times	0:0	6:0	4:2	2:4	0:6	SEM	L	Q	C
F. succinogenes (Log copies/mL)	12 h	7.2	7.8	7.5	8.2	8.7	0.26	0.40	0.95	0.60
F. succinogenes (Log copies/mL)	24 h	9.6	9.9	9.2	7.7	8.6	0.21	0.05	0.20	0.96
R. albus (Log copies/mL)	12 h	8.8	8.5	8.9	8.6	9.0	0.06	0.85	0.89	0.10
R. albus (Log copies/mL)	24 h	9.4	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.4	0.05	0.70	0.53	0.89
R. flavefaciens (Log copies/mL)	12 h	8.1	8.2	8.7	8.1	7.7	0.25	0.88	0.63	0.65
R. flavefaciens (Log copies/mL)	24 h	8.5	7.8	9.2	10.0	9.6	0.22	0.08	0.25	0.37
M. elsdenii (Log copies/mL)	12 h	9.0	8.7	9.2	8.8	9.3	0.26	0.70	0.76	0.07
M. elsdenii (Log copies/mL)	24 h	9.1	9.4	8.8	8.7	8.9	0.09	0.23	0.50	0.31
B.fibrisolvens (Log copies/mL)	12 h	8.7	8.3	8.6	8.0	8.8	0.07	0.08	0.70	0.14
B.fibrisolvens (Log copies/mL)	24 h	8.7	8.9	8.3	8.8	8.8	0.07	0.74	0.50	0.08
B. proteoclasticus (Log copies/mL)	12 h	9.4	9.0	9.5	9.2	9.2	0.10	0.94	1.00	0.23
B. proteoclasticus (Log copies/mL)	24 h	9.3	9.1	9.4	9.4	9.0	0.04	0.47	0.42	0.23
Methanobacteriales (Log copies/mL)	12 h	9.3	9.2	9.2	9.2	9.2	0.03	0.43	0.55	0.78
Methanobacteriales (Log copies/mL)	24 h	9.2^a	9.0^b	8.9^b	8.9^b	9.0^b	0.01	1.00	0.25	< 0.01

¹ L, linear; Q, quadratic; C, cubic; ^a−b Means with different superscripts within a column are significantly different (p < 0.05); treatments are expressed as mean and values are calculated from a minimum of three replicates

ISSN: 1746-6148