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  1. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are neurodegenerative diseases that affect several mammalian species. At least three factors related to the host prion protein are known to modulate susceptibil...

    Authors: Brian W Brunelle, Justin J Greenlee, Christopher M Seabury, Charles E Brown II and Eric M Nicholson
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Neosporosis caused by the protozoan parasite Neospora caninum, is an economically important cause of abortion, stillbirth, low milk yield, reduced weight gain and premature culling in cattle. Consequently, a sero...

    Authors: Kerry A Woodbine, Graham F Medley, Stephen J Moore, Ana Ramirez-Villaescusa, Sam Mason and Laura E Green
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious viral disease of small ruminants in Africa and Asia. In 1999, probably the largest survey on PPR ever conducted in Africa was initiated in Ethiopia where 13 651...

    Authors: Agnès Waret-Szkuta, François Roger, David Chavernac, Laikemariam Yigezu, Geneviève Libeau, Dirk U Pfeiffer and Javier Guitián
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. In August 2006 a major epidemic of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV8) started off in North-West Europe. In the course of 2007 it became evident that BTV8 had survived the winter in North-West Europe, re-emerge...

    Authors: Armin RW Elbers, Johan Popma, Sandra Oosterwolde, Piet A van Rijn, Piet Vellema and Eugène MA van Rooij
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Canine cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) is a common neoplastic disease associated with a variable biologic behavior. Surgery remains the primary treatment for canine MCT; however, radiation therapy (RT) and che...

    Authors: Joshua D Webster, Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan, Douglas H Thamm, Elizabeth Hamilton and Matti Kiupel
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Enteric Redmouth (ERM) disease also known as Yersiniosis is a contagious disease affecting salmonids, mainly rainbow trout. The causative agent is the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia ruckeri. The disease can be ...

    Authors: Mona Saleh, Hatem Soliman and Mansour El-Matbouli
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:31
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  7. Ingestion of the poisonous weed ragwort (Senecio jacobea) by horses leads to irreversible liver damage. The principal toxins of ragwort are the pyrrolizidine alkaloids that are rapidly metabolised to highly react...

    Authors: Rowan E Moore, Derek Knottenbelt, Jacqueline B Matthews, Robert J Beynon and Phillip D Whitfield
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Boar taint is the unpleasant odour and flavour of the meat of uncastrated male pigs that is primarily caused by high levels of androstenone and skatole in adipose tissue. Androstenone is a steroid and its leve...

    Authors: Maren Moe, Sigbjørn Lien, Christian Bendixen, Jakob Hedegaard, Henrik Hornshøj, Ingunn Berget, Theo HE Meuwissen and Eli Grindflek
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) is a viral disease of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) caused by ISA virus (ISAV), which belongs to the genus Isavirus, family Orthomyxoviridae. The virus is considered ...

    Authors: Marcos G Godoy, Alejandra Aedo, Molly JT Kibenge, David B Groman, Carmencita V Yason, Horts Grothusen, Angelica Lisperguer, Marlene Calbucura, Fernando Avendaño, Marcelo Imilán, Miguel Jarpa and Frederick SB Kibenge
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The commercial poultry industry in United Kingdom (UK) is worth an estimated £3.4 billion at retail value, producing over 174 million birds for consumption per year. An epidemic of any poultry disease with hig...

    Authors: Jennifer E Dent, Rowland R Kao, Istvan Z Kiss, Kieran Hyder and Mark Arnold
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Mali is one of the most important livestock producers of the Sahel region of Africa. A high frequency of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) has been reported but surveillance and control schemes are restricted to abatt...

    Authors: Borna Müller, Benjamin Steiner, Bassirou Bonfoh, Adama Fané, Noel H Smith and Jakob Zinsstag
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. In 2006, an atypical U.S. case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was discovered in Alabama and later reported to be polymorphic for glutamate (E) and lysine (K) codons at position 211 in the bovine pri...

    Authors: Michael P Heaton, John W Keele, Gregory P Harhay, Jürgen A Richt, Mohammad Koohmaraie, Tommy L Wheeler, Steven D Shackelford, Eduardo Casas, D Andy King, Tad S Sonstegard, Curtis P Van Tassell, Holly L Neibergs, Chad C Chase Jr, Theodore S Kalbfleisch, Timothy PL Smith, Michael L Clawson…
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Biosecurity is at the forefront of the fight against infectious diseases in animal populations. Few research studies have attempted to identify and quantify the effectiveness of biosecurity against disease int...

    Authors: Ángel Ortiz-Pelaez and Dirk U Pfeiffer
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. A genetic study was performed to identify candidate genes associated with day blindness in the standard wire haired dachshund. Based on a literature review of diseases in dogs and human with phenotypes similar...

    Authors: Anne Caroline Wiik, Ernst-Otto Ropstad, Ellen Bjerkås and Frode Lingaas
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Results regarding the use of bovine somatotropin for enhancing fertility in dairy cattle are variable. Here, the hypothesis was tested that a single injection of a sustained-release preparation of bovine somat...

    Authors: A Bell, OA Rodríguez, LA de Castro e Paula, MB Padua, J Hernández-Cerón, CG Gutiérrez, A De Vries and PJ Hansen
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. In many of the European countries affected by Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), case clustering patterns have been observed. Most of these patterns have been interpreted in terms of heterogeneities in ex...

    Authors: Lourens Heres, Dick J Brus and Thomas J Hagenaars
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Akabane virus is a member of the genus Orthobunyavirus in the family Bunyaviridae. It is transmitted by hematophagous arthropod vectors such as Culicoides biting midges and is widely distributed in temperate to t...

    Authors: Ryota Kono, Miki Hirata, Masaya Kaji, Yukitoshi Goto, Shogo Ikeda, Tohru Yanase, Tomoko Kato, Shogo Tanaka, Toshiyuki Tsutsui, Tadao Imada and Makoto Yamakawa
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The development of active surveillance programmes for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies of small ruminants across Europe has led to the recent identification of a previously undetected form of ovine pr...

    Authors: Alexandre Fediaevsky, Sue C Tongue, Maria Nöremark, Didier Calavas, Giuseppe Ru and Petter Hopp
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Mastitis in dairy cattle results from infection of mammary tissue by a range of micro-organisms but principally coliform bacteria and Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The former species are o...

    Authors: Ylva C Strandberg Lutzow, Laurelea Donaldson, Christian P Gray, Tony Vuocolo, Roger D Pearson, Antonio Reverter, Keren A Byrne, Paul A Sheehy, Ross Windon and Ross L Tellam
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), a member of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), primarily affects cattle. Transmission is via concentrate feed rations contaminated with infected meat a...

    Authors: Mark P Dagleish, Stuart Martin, Philip Steele, Jeanie Finlayson, Sílvia Sisó, Scott Hamilton, Francesca Chianini, Hugh W Reid, Lorenzo González and Martin Jeffrey
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The variability in the clinical or pathological presentation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in sheep, such as scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), has been attributed to pri...

    Authors: Timm Konold, Gemma Bone, Alberto Vidal-Diez, Raul Tortosa, Andrew Davis, Glenda Dexter, Peter Hill, Martin Jeffrey, Marion M Simmons, Melanie J Chaplin, Susan J Bellworthy and Christine Berthelin-Baker
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Indication-based data on the use of antimicrobials in animals were collected using a prospective cross-sectional survey, similarly as for surveys carried out in human medicine, but adapting the questionnaire t...

    Authors: Katariina Thomson, Merja Rantala, Maria Hautala, Satu Pyörälä and Liisa Kaartinen
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. The risk of scrapie infection increases with increased duration and proximity of contact between sheep at lambing. Scrapie infectivity has not been detected in milk but cellular prion protein, the precursor of...

    Authors: Timm Konold, S Jo Moore, Susan J Bellworthy and Hugh A Simmons
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. In scrapie and prion diseases, the knowledge concerning genes involved in host response during the early infection period in the lymphoid tissues, still remains limited. In the present study, we have examined ...

    Authors: Lars Austbø, Andreas Kampmann, Ulf Müller-Ladner, Elena Neumann, Ingrid Olsaker and Grethe Skretting
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Several forms of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) segregate in more than 100 breeds of dog with each PRA segregating in one or a few breeds. This breed specificity may be accounted for by founder effects and ...

    Authors: Thierry Vilboux, Gilles Chaudieu, Patricia Jeannin, Delphine Delattre, Benoit Hedan, Catherine Bourgain, Guillaume Queney, Francis Galibert, Anne Thomas and Catherine André
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. In the recent past, the introduction of Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV) followed by between-herd spread has given rise to a number of large epidemics in The Netherlands and Belgium. Both these countries are...

    Authors: Gert Jan Boender, Gonnie Nodelijk, Thomas J Hagenaars, Armin RW Elbers and Mart CM de Jong
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of bronchial epithelium to airway inflammation, with focus on mRNA and protein expression of cytokines of innate immunity IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α, in horses...

    Authors: Miia Riihimäki, Amanda Raine, Jamshid Pourazar, Thomas Sandström, Tatiana Art, Pierre Lekeux, Laurent Couëtil and John Pringle
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The Gambia has an increasing population of equidae largely used for agriculture and transportation. A review of cases at The Gambian Horse and Donkey Trust (GHDT) indicated that a common reason for presentation i...

    Authors: Gina L Pinchbeck, Liam J Morrison, Andy Tait, Joanna Langford, Lucinda Meehan, Saloum Jallow, Jibril Jallow, Amadou Jallow and Robert M Christley
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Estimates of demographic parameters, such as age-specific survival and fecundity, age at first pregnancy and litter size, are required for roaming dogs (i.e. dogs that are neither confined nor restricted) to a...

    Authors: John F Reece, Sunil K Chawla, Elly F Hiby and Lex R Hiby
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Mass vaccination of owned domestic dogs is crucial for the control of rabies in sub-Saharan Africa. Knowledge of the proportion of households which own dogs, and of the factors associated with dog ownership, i...

    Authors: Darryn L Knobel, M Karen Laurenson, Rudovick R Kazwala, Lisa A Boden and Sarah Cleaveland
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Several studies have shown that a number of serovars of Salmonella enterica may be isolated from wild birds, and it has been suggested that wild birds may play a role in the epidemiology of human and livestock sa...

    Authors: Laura A Hughes, Sara Shopland, Paul Wigley, Hannah Bradon, A Howard Leatherbarrow, Nicola J Williams, Malcolm Bennett, Elizabeth de Pinna, Becki Lawson, Andrew A Cunningham and Julian Chantrey
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The effect of age on the bone mineral density and microarchitecture of the equine radius and tibia was investigated. Fifty-six bones from 15 horses aged four to 21 years were used. There were nine geldings and...

    Authors: A Fürst, D Meier, S Michel, A Schmidlin, L Held and A Laib
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The identification of the routes of dissemination of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157 through a cohort of cattle is a critical step to control this pathogen at farm level. The aim of this study was to identify pot...

    Authors: Mary Murphy, Donal Minihan, James F Buckley, Micheál O'Mahony, Paul Whyte and Séamus Fanning
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The acute phase response is the immediate host response to infection, inflammation and trauma and can be monitored by measuring the acute phase proteins (APP) such as haptoglobin (Hp) or serum amyloid A (SAA)....

    Authors: Peter D Eckersall, Fraser P Lawson, Carol E Kyle, Mary Waterston, Laura Bence, Michael J Stear and Stewart M Rhind
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2008 4:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a disease of small ruminants caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The pathogenesis of CLA is a slow process, and produces a chronic rather than an acute disease state. Acut...

    Authors: Peter D Eckersall, Fraser P Lawson, Laura Bence, Mary M Waterston, Tamara L Lang, William Donachie and Michael C Fontaine
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) is responsible of systemic diseases in kids and genital diseases leading to abortions in goats. CpHV-1 is widespread and especially in Mediterranean countries as Greece, Italy an...

    Authors: Julien Thiry, Maria Tempesta, Michele Camero, Elvira Tarsitano, Benoît Muylkens, François Meurens, Etienne Thiry and Canio Buonavoglia
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Bovine anaplasmosis has been reported in several European countries, but the vector competency of tick species for Anaplasma marginale from these localities has not been determined. Because of the wide distributi...

    Authors: Zorica Zivkovic, Ard M Nijhof, José de la Fuente, Katherine M Kocan and Frans Jongejan
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. The concurrent rise in consumption of fresh chicken meat and human campylobacteriosis in the late 1990's in Iceland led to a longitudinal study of the poultry industry to identify the means to decrease the fre...

    Authors: Michele T Guerin, Wayne Martin, Jarle Reiersen, Olaf Berke, Scott A McEwen, Jean-Robert Bisaillon and Ruff Lowman
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Cattle twins are well known as blood chimeras. However, chimerism in the actual hematopoietic progenitor compartment has not been directly investigated. Here, we analyzed fetal liver of chimeric freemartin cat...

    Authors: Mikael Niku, Tiina Pessa-Morikawa, Juhani Taponen and Antti Iivanainen
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disease occurring in humans and domestic animals and is characterized by dilatation of the left ventricle, reduced systolic function and increased sphericity of the left ...

    Authors: Anje C Wiersma, Peter AJ Leegwater, Bernard A van Oost, William E Ollier and Joanna Dukes-McEwan
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:28
    Content type: Correspondence Published on:

  45. The most predominant beta2-integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1, CD11a/CD18, alphaLbeta2), expressed on all leukocytes, is essential for many adhesive functions of the immune system. Interesti...

    Authors: Philippe GAC Vanden Bergh, Laurent LM Zecchinon, Thomas Fett and Daniel JM Desmecht
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The genus Varicellovirus of the Herpesviridae subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae includes a cluster of viruses antigenically and genetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1): namely bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5...

    Authors: Julien Thiry, Frederik Widén, Fabien Grégoire, Annick Linden, Sándor Belák and Etienne Thiry
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. The morphopathological picture of a subset of equine myopathies is compatible with a primary mitochondrial disease, but functional confirmation in vivo is still pending. The cationic dye JC-1 exhibits potentia...

    Authors: Dominique Cassart, Thomas Fett, Michaël Sarlet, Etienne Baise, Freddy Coignoul and Daniel Desmecht
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Prevention and control of ovine enzootic abortion (OEA) can be achieved by application of a live vaccine. In this study, five sheep flocks with different vaccination and infection status were serologically tes...

    Authors: Andrea Gerber, Ruedi Thoma, Evangelia Vretou, Evgenia Psarrou, Carmen Kaiser, Marcus G Doherr, Dieter R Zimmermann, Adam Polkinghorne, Andreas Pospischil and Nicole Borel
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. African buffaloes are the maintenance host for Mycobacterium bovis in the endemically infected Kruger National Park (KNP). The infection is primarily spread between buffaloes via the respiratory route, but it is ...

    Authors: Anita L Michel, Lin-Mari de Klerk, Nico C Gey van Pittius, Rob M Warren and Paul D van Helden
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The exact role of the lymphoreticular system in the spread of peripheral prion infections to the central nervous system still needs further elucidation. Against this background, the influence of the regional l...

    Authors: Christine Kratzel, Dominique Krüger and Michael Beekes
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2007 3:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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BMC Veterinary Research

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