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Fig. 5 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 5

From: Comparative physiological and immunological impacts of Moringa oleifera leaf and seed water supplements on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): effects on disease resistance and health parameters

Fig. 5

Survival rates of C. gariepinus challenged with A. hydrophila (1.0 × 106 CFU/mL) after six weeks of exposure to different treatments. Control group showed progressive mortality reaching 40% by day fourteen, while Moringa leaves-treated group maintained 100% survival throughout the observation period. The Moringa seeds-treated group showed intermediate protection with 85% survival. Fish monitored for 14 days post-challenge

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BMC Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1746-6148

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